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… under the controlled conditions of the laboratory. How he came to develop his methods has been described by him in detail in a fascinating article he titled “ A case history in scientific method ." The first problem Skinner faced in studying … pellets with a pill machine.” “The food I have used is a standard dog biscuit (Purina Dog Chow), which is capable of maintaining rats in good health for several months without supplementary diet.” “The food used is prepared as pills by the …
… steps in controlling the reinforcer is to ensure its consistency. With pigeons this is done by presenting access to mixed grain or food pellets for a fixed period of time, as is illustrated with the grain hoppers. The precision of a liquid reinforcer is controlled by presenting pre-measured amounts of the liquid with either a small dipper or by allowing a fixed amount to drain from a reservoir connected to a tube that can be pinched or released electromechanically. Another way of ensuring …
… lights and sounds. Lights and sounds can be arranged in a variety of configurations and combinations, limited only by the availability of apparatus to present and control these stimuli. Lights and sounds, of course, are by no means the only types … way to the digital computer as the programming device, but the organization and development of the material to be taught remains the key to instructional design. Good instructional designers still follow the principles set out by the 1950s and 60s … topic was, not surprisingly, the analysis of behavior (Holland & Skinner, 1962). The publication of a programmed textbook raises again the important point made in the introductory material to this room: the critical feature of the teaching …
… are just too many meetings and most are just too long! For those who feel like their meetings are like Déjà vu all over again and don’t contribute to what is needed to deliver excellence in your core business, there are antidotes. The following … are just too many meetings and most are just too long! For those who feel like their meetings are like Déjà vu all over again and don’t contribute to what is needed to deliver excellence in your core business, there are antidotes. The following …
… stimuli, responses, or consequences. The temporal relations between these events often are critical in the development and maintenance of behavior. For example, the closer in time a reinforcer is to a response, the more likely it will develop or be maintained. It also is possible to reinforce not just a single a response, but a pair of responses separated by specified periods …
… making observations is directly, through actual visual contact with the phenomenon either with or without an instrument to aid in the observation. Another way of making observations is indirectly, by using an instrument to actually record … is necessary and desirable to observe what the subject/participant is doing. Without these data, one can only infer why certain changes in performance are occurring in the summary data generated by cumulative records and digital counters or, today, … cameras also allow construction of permanent records of the behavior. In the 1950s, however, closed circuit TV, if it was available at all, often was prohibitively expensive even for research with human subjects. Lindsley (1956) developed one …
… minimizing distractions and optimizing control by the features of interest to an experimenter, or parent or therapist. The air cribs shown here were designed to optimize comfort for infants and ease the burden of child care maybe a little for … the right part housed the supporting electrical gear needed to present stimuli, record key-peck responses, and deliver grain through a grain hopper. This second photograph shows a pigeon’s eye view of the work panel. The response key is the round circle …
… CONSOL Energizes Performance with Incentives that Pay CONSOL Energizes Performance with Incentives that Pay BY Gail Snyder Download PDF file Excellence is difficult to surpass, but more than one path to great performance exists, even in … had a very, very successful career as a coal-mine superintendent with world-record production and great safety awards,” he said. “I have a bronze statue in my study at home right now that our coal mine won three times for the best safety … culture." While working with the corporate safety group, Latham and other members were approached by the company’s CEO who said that even though safety was doing very well, he felt they had gone as far as they could with the current safety …
… There are rooms, that display different types of environments for the study of behavior. One of these environments is the air crib, made famous by B. F. Skinner in a 1945 Ladies Home Journal article . Another room shows instruments used to … minimizing distractions and optimizing control by the features of interest to an experimenter, or parent or therapist. The air cribs shown here were designed to optimize comfort for infants and ease the burden of child care maybe a little for … making observations is directly, through actual visual contact with the phenomenon either with or without an instrument to aid in the observation. Another way of making observations is indirectly, by using an instrument to actually record …
… about anything you read about organizations today puts tremendous emphasis on culture as a key determinant of success or failure. A cursory review of articles in popular publications, books, and lectures will reveal multiple references to the importance of culture whether it be on business performance, sustainability, social impact, safety , or retention, etc. What is often missing is a working definition of what is meant by … with culture at a very macro level (e.g., regions, corporations, divisions) and at a micro level (e.g., shifts, teams, pairs and trios). When you are able to view culture this way, you are also able to realize something far more important: YOU, …
… of changing the way the world works . museum Behavioral Apparatus Museum The Behavioral Apparatus Virtual Museum contains rarely seen photographs, background information, and links to information about scientific instruments large and small …
… doing few if any observations, lack of management engagement, or slow or negligible improvements. Watch as Bart Sevin explains how revisiting the fundamentals and using behavior science can help you bring your BBS process back into alignment. For … doing few if any observations, lack of management engagement, or slow or negligible improvements. Watch as Bart Sevin explains how revisiting the fundamentals and using behavior science can help you bring your BBS process back into alignment. For …